Melakar Masa Depan Jawi: Kelestarian Nilai Tradisi dan Pemerkasaan Ilmu di Peringkat IPT/ Envisioning the Future of Jawi: Sustaining Traditional Values And Empowering Knowledge in Higher Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/umran2026.13n2.838Keywords:
Jawi, Higher Education Institutions, and Teaching CurriculumAbstract
Jawi is a national heritage asset rich in intellectual, historical and Malay-Islamic cultural values. Despite various initiatives implemented at the scholl level, the continuity of Jawi education in higher education institutions (HEIs) remains limited and receives insufficient attention. This study aims to explore the current status of Jawi within higher education and propose future strategies to elevate Jawi education in Malaysia HEIs. A qualitative approach was employed through semi-structured interviews with lecturers involved in Jawi teaching. The data analyzed using the constant comparataive method and triangulated with document analysis. The finding reveals that the understanding of Jawi needs to be reframed beyond its perception as merely a script. Jawi education in HEIs is not fully integrated into the mainstream curriculum but it mostly offered as elective or minor courses. These findings underscore the need for reform in alternative teaching guidelines that are holistic, contextual, and responsive not only to preserve the Jawi heritage but also to adapt it to 21st-century learning requirements. The adoption of learner-centered andragogical approaches should be prioritized. This study proposes the development of a Jawi education model framework grounded in Islamic epistemology, andragogical principles and the strengthening of higher education policy. Such an initiave is deemed crucial to ensure the continued relevance of Jawi as a medium of heritage, thought and identity in the modern educational era.
References
Abdul Ghafar Don, & Badlihsiham Mohd. Nasir. (2012). Cabaran dakwah di Malaysia. Al-Hikmah, 4, 15–22.
Abdul Kadir Muhammad. (1996). Sejarah penulisan hukum Islam di Malaysia. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Abdul Hakim Md Mansor. (2021). Pembelajaran berasaskan aplikasi mudah alih “Kelas Anak Jawi”. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Ab Aziz Mohd Zin, Nor Raudah Hj. Siren, Yusmini Md Yusoff, Faridah Mohd Sairi, & Mohd Anwarulhaq Sulaiman. (2006). Dakwah Islam di Malaysia. Penerbit Universiti Malaya.
Adi Yasran Abdul Aziz. (2012). Comparison of the Jawi writing system and vocabulary inscribed on the Terengganu stone and legal manuscripts of Melaka and Kedah. In Batu Bersurat of Terengganu : Its Correct Date, Religio-Cultural, and Scientific Dimensions. 63–80. Department of National Heritage.
Ahmad Nabil Amir. (2022). Masuknya Islam ke Nusantara: Pandangan Hamka dalam sejarah umat Islam. AL-BASIRAH , 12(1), 39–47.
Akta Bahasa Kebangsaan 1963/67, Pub. L. No. Akta 32 (1983).
Aminnudin Saimon, & Nur Hidayah Takmad. (2023). Persepsi mahasiswa kulliyyah bahasa dan pengurusan, UIAM terhadap tulisan Jawi. LSP International Journal, 10(1), 103–122. https://doi.org/10.11113/lspi.v10.19673
Asyraf Ridwan Ali, & Berhanundin Abdullah. (2015). Falsafah pendidikan Jawi dalam memperkasakan Tamadun Islam di Malaysia. Proceedings of ICIC2015 – International Conference on Empowering Islamic Civilization in the 21st Century, 574–85.
Azam Hamzah. (1997). Islam di rantau Alam Melayu . Fontarz Enterprise.
Azrulhizam Shapii, Mahayuddin Zainal Rasyid, & Sabarina Othman. (2020). Jom Jawi: Improving Jawi language proficiency among primary school students using interactive media. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 2(3), 212–230. http://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/jdpd
Azman Che Mat, Siti Athirah Mohd Anwar, & Awang Azarudin. (2021). Penguasaan Suku Kata Tertutup (SKT) tulisan Jawi dalam kalangan murid tahun tiga. Borneo Akademika, 5(2), 33–46. https://doi.org/10.24191/ba/v5i2/82260
Bradley, E. H., Curry, L.A., & Devers, K. J. (2007). Qualitative data analysis for health services research: Developing taxonomy, themes and theory. Health Services research, 42, 1758-1772. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2006.00684.x
Chua, Y. P. (2006). Kaedah dan statistik penyelidikan: Kaedah penyelidikan. McGraw-Hill.
Creswell, J. W. (1994). Research design: Qualitative & quantitative approaches. Sage Publications.
Creswell, J. W. (2002). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed method approaches. (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4th ed.). Pearson.
Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publictions.
Faisal @ Ahmad Faisal Abdul Hamid, & Niswa @ Noralina Abdullah. (2009). Penguasaan tulisan Jawi di kalangan mahasiswa pengajian Islam: Kajian di Institut Pengajian Tinggi Awam (IPTA) Tempatan. Jurnal Al-Tamaddun, 4(1), 145–156.
Farhah Zaidar, & Shaharuddin Pangilun. (2017). Teori kedatangan Islam di Alam Melayu. 3rd International Conference On Islamiyyat Studies (IRSYAD2017), 147–150.
Farhanah Abdullah, Asyraf Hj Ab Rahman, Abdul Manan Ali, Firdaus Khairi Abdul Kadir, & Fadzli Adam. (2020). Jawi script and the Malay society: Historical background and development. International Journal of Management (IJM), 11(7), 68–78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34218/IJM.11.7.2020.008
Faisal @ Ahmad Faisal Abdul Hamid, & Niswa @ Noralina Abdullah. (2009). Penguasaan tulisan Jawi di Kalangan Mahasiswa Pengajian Islam: Kajian di Institut Pengajian Tinggi Awam (IPTA) tempatan. Journal of Al-Tamaddun, 4(1), 145–156. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22452/jat.vol4no1.9
Hafizah Iszahanid. (2023, May 22). Kurang usaha perkasa Jawi ancam kajian teks lama. Berita Harian. https://www.bharian.com.my/rencana/sastera/2023/05/1104395/kurang usaha perkasa jawi ancam kajian-teks-lama
Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine De Gruyter.
Hamdan Abdul Rahman. (2003). Imbasan sejarah pemerkasaan dan peminggiran tulisan Jawi. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Hamka. (1977). Sejarah Umat Islam . Pustaka Antara .
Hasanulddin bin Mohd, & Zurita Mohd Yusoff. (2022). Kajian manuskrip sastera kitab di Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin antara realiti dan cabaran. International Journalofislamic Productsand Malay Civilization, 1(2), 217–228.
Hashim Musa. (2003). Epigrafi Melayu : Sejarah sistem tulisan dalam Bahasa Melayu. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Hashim Musa. (2005). Peranan Tulisan Jawi dalam Perkembangan Islam di Malaysia. Jurnal Pengajian Melayu, 16, 86–115. http://www.myjurnal.my/filebank/published_article/24027/Article_5.PDF
Hashim Musa, & Adi Yasran Abdul Aziz. (2009). Pemerkasaan kembali Tulisan Jawi. Jurnal ASWARA, 4(1), 159–196.
Hassan, A. (Ed.). (2007). Kongres bahasa dan persuratan Melayu I – VI (1952 – 2002). Persatuan Penterjemah Malaysia.
Hj. Muhammad, A. K. (1996). Sejarah Penulisan Hukum Islam Di Malaysia. DBP.
Ismail Hamid. (1985). Peradaban Melayu dan Islam. Fajar Bakti.
Ismail Abd Rahman. (2009). Manuskrip Kesusasteraan Tradisional Melayu Sekitar Tahun 1600 M: Telaah Sistem Tulisan Jawi Dan Analisis Pemikiran Melayu Nusantara. Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. (2019). Indikator Matlamat Pembangunan Mampan Malaysia. Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. https://www.dosm.gov.my/ Diakses pada 20 September 2025
Jasni Sulong. (2010). Asimilasi hukum Islam dalam amalan perniagaan Melayu : Kajian Ke Atas Beberapa Manuskrip Melayu Lama. Jurnal Pengajian Melayu, 21(1), 73–95.
Kamarul Azmi Jasmi. (2012). Metodologi pengumpulan data dalam penyelidikan kualitatitif. Kursus Penyelidikan Kualitatif Siri 1 2012, 1–15.
Kamaruzaman, A. R. (2020). Students’ performance in al-quran and sunah subject and it relationship with students’ achievement in writing jawi. Universiti Islam Antarabangsa.
Kang Kyoung Seok. (1986). Perkembangan Jawi dalam Masyarakat Melayu . Universiti Malaya.
Kang Kyoung Seok, & Muhammad Syukri Rosli. (2015). Pengantar Ilmu Jawi. Klasika Media.
Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. (2004). Surat Pekeliling Ikhtisas Bil. 13/2004: Pelaksanaan Program j-QAF di Sekolah Rendah.
Khairul Azhar. (2019). Peranan ulama dalam penyebaran ajaran Islam di Pulau Besar, Melaka (The role of Muslim scholars in spreading the teaching of Islam in Pulau Besar, Melaka). Journal of Al-Tamaddun, 14(2), 65–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22452/jat.vol14no2.6
Khairul Azmi Jasmi. (2012). Metodologi pengumpulan data dalam penyelidikan kualitatitif in Kursus Penyelidikan Kualitatif Siri 1 2012 at Puteri Resort Melaka on 28-29 Mac 2012. Institut Pendidikan Guru Malaysia Kampus Temenggong Ibrahim.
Kopp, M., Gröblinger, O., & Adams, S. (2019). Five common assumptions that prevent digital transformation at higher education institutions. INTED2019 Proceedings, 1(March), 1448–1457. https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2019.0445
Lester, S. (1999). An introduction to phenomenological research. Stan Lester Deevelopment. http://www.sld.demon.co.uk/resmethy.pdf
Leszczyński, P., Charuta, A., Łaziuk, B., Gałązkowski, R., Wejnarski, A., Roszak, M., & Kołodziejczak, B. (2018). Multimedia and interactivity in distance learning of resuscitation guidelines: a randomised controlled trial. Interactive Learning Environments, 26(2), 151–162. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2017.1337035
Maimun Aqsha Lubis, Sabariah Sharif, & Mohd Sham Kamis. (2016). Peranan guru pendidikan Islam dalam inovasi pengajaran: Cabaran pasca moden. In M. F. Mohd Shahran & N. H. Saari (Eds.), Guru cemerlang pendidikan Islam persediaan dan cabaran. 137–158. Penerbitan Ikim.
Mahayudin Hj Yahaya. (1995). Sejarah perkembangan Pemikiran Islam dalam konteks Alam Melayu: Iktibar untuk abad akan datang. Jurnal Usuluddin, 1(6), 65–81. http://mjs.um.edu.my/index.php/JUD/article/download/2911/1076
Mahayudin Hj Yahaya. (2017a). Teorikedatangan Islam dan penyebaran Mazhab Shafi’i. UNISSA Press
Mahayudin Hj Yahaya. (2017b). Teori kedatangan Islam dan penyebaran Mazhab Shafi’i serta perlaksanaan sistem Pendidikan Islam di Negara Brunei Darussalam: Masalah dan Cabaran. UNISSA Press.
Makmur Haji Harun, Muhammad Bukhari Lubi, & Mohamad Ramadhan Habibi. (2012). Kaedah pengajaran seni Khat dan Jawi di universiti: Sistem pengajaran Khat Nasakh dalam unit kajian Jawi dan Khat di Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI). Persidangan Kebangsaan Tulisan Jawi Kali Kedua, Dalam “Mencari Identiti Khat Melayu,” 1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.2306.7603
Malaysia, K. P. (2016). Buku penerangan Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Rendah (Semakan 2017). Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum. https://anyflip.com/dvqip/ubtg/basic Diakses pada 20 September 2025
Malaysia, U. S. (2025). Pusat pengajian ilmu kemanusiaan (School of humanities kod bidang). https://humanities.usm.my/ Diakses pada 23 Disember 2025
Malaysiakini. (2006, April 28). Utusan Melayu diterbit semula mulai 1 Mei.
Mashitah Sulaiman, Mohd Nazir Ahmad, Suhailiza Md Hamdani, & Muhammad Khairi Mahyuddin. (2021). Manuskrip Melayu Islam sebagai warisan kearifan tempatan: Isu dan prospek masa depan. E-Proceedings Of The International Conference On Da’wah And Islamic Management, c, 37.
Melor Amran, & Mohd Zairey Yahya (2020). Faktor dan persepsi yang mempengaruhi penggunaan teknologi dalam pendidikan di kalangan pensyarah kolej komuniti. International Journal of Technology Management and Information System. 2(1), 72-80. http://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ijtmis/article/view/8507
Merriam, S. B. (1998). Qualitative research and case study applications. Jossey-Bass Publishers.
Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation (2nd ed.). Jossey-Bass, A Wiley Imprint.
Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2016). Qualitative Research: A Guide to Design and Implementation (4th ed.). Jossey Bass.
Mohd Aizam Mas’od, & Mohd Shairawi Mohd Noor. (2023). Teori kedatangan golongan Alawiyyin di Nusantara: Suatu analisis awal. Journal of Ifta and Islamic Heritage, 2(2), 60–84.
Mohd Alwee Yusoff. (2005). Perkembangan tulisan Jawi dan aplikasinya dalam masyarakat Islam di Malaysia. Jurnal Usuluddin, 21, 23–38.
Mohd Hasan Abdullah, N., Siraj, S., Hussin, Z., & Alias, N. (2010). Isu kritikal penggunaan Tulisan Jawi dalam pelaksanaan kurikulum Pendidikan Islam peringkat sekolah menengah: Pandangan pakar. Jurnal Pendidikan, 30, 63–84.
Mohd Khairulnizam Ramlie, Ashraf Abdul Rahaman, Ahmad Khairul Azizi Ahmad, & Muhammad Abdullah. (2023). Inovasi kaedah pembelajaran: Perkembangan penggunaan teknologi dalam institusi Pendidikan. Idealogy Journal, 8(1), 94-103.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24191/idealogy.v8i1.407
Mohd Sukki Othman, & Adi Yasran Abdul Aziz. (2012). Undang-undang Pelabuhan Kedah dari Perspektif Sejarah dan Budaya. KEMANUSIAAN, 19(1), 1–16.
Mohd Zawavi Zainal Abidin, & Norahida Mohamed. (2024). Tulisan Jawi di Negeri Pahang: cabaran dan harapan. Jurnal Al-Haady, 5(1), 10–17.
Muhammad Syukri Rosli. (2017). Petuturan Melayu: Kitab Nahu Jawi Abduʼllāh bin Ábduʼr-Rahmān. Akademi Jawi Malaysia.
Muhammad Syukri Rosli, & Ahnaf Wafi Alias. (2022). Tradisi Keilmuan Bahasa Jawi. Akademi Jawi Malaysia .
Muzaffar Syah Mallow. (2020, June 29). Pengajaran dan pembelajaran dalam talian. BERNAMA. https://www.bernama.com/bm/tintaminda/news.php?id=1853908
Nadia Fatriyana Ahmad Narzaray, & Ahmad Kamal Ariffin Mohd Rus. (2024). Kurikulum Bersepadu Sekolah Menengah (KBSM): Satu penilaian Sejarah. E-Bangi Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 21(1), 212-223. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17576/ebangi.2024.2101.18
Naquiah Nahar, Jimaain Safar, Ahmad Kilani Mohamed, Aminudin Hehsan, Badlihisham Mohd. Nasir, Juhazren Junaidi. (2018). Perkembangan Tulisan Jawi dalam konteks pendidikan di Negeri Johor, Jurnal Penyelidikan Pusat Islam Iskandar Johor, 1(Edisi Khas), 16-29.
Naquiah Nahar, & Jimain Safar. (2016). Amalan pengajaran Jawi dalam pendidikan masa kini : Suatu tinjauan. Tinta Artikulasi Membina Ummah, 2(2), 70–85.
Nazimah Mohamad @ Mohd. Noor. (2014). Penggunaan modul pembelajaran Kemahiran Jawi. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Nik Yaacob, N. R. (2007). Penguasaan Jawi dan hubungannya dengan minat. Pendidik dan Pendidikan, 22, 161–172.
Noraishah A. Rahman & Mohd Isa Hamzah, 2021. (2021). Konsep Intervensi dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran Jawi murid pra sekolah. International Conference On Syariah & Law2021(ICONSYAL 2021)-Online Conference, 334–345. https://conference.uis.edu.my/iconsyal/images/eprosiding/1029.pdf
Norizan Mat Diah, & Nor Azan Mat Zin. (2016). Enjin aktiviti menyurih belajar menulis aksara Jawi. Asia-Pacific Journal of Information Technology and Multimedia, 5(1), 61–69.
Norziati Mohd Rosman. (2024). Rengkahan Jawi: Sejarah perusahaan Kitab Abad ke-19. Akademi Jawi Malaysia.
Nurul Faezatul Aini Norizal. (2023). The Use Of Interactive Books As New Media For Learning Jawi Among Dyslexic Children (Issue August). Universiti Teknologi Mara.
Othman Lebar. (2017). Penyelidikan kualitatif: pengenalan kepada teori dan metode (2nd ed.). Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Press.
Panduan Pengurusan Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Islam Sekolah Rendah dan Sekolah Menengah. (2015). Jemaah Nazir dan Jaminan Kualiti, Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.
Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods (2nd ed.). Sage Publications, Inc.
Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative evaluation and research methods (3nd ed.). Sage Publications, Inc.
Qutoshi, S. B. (2018). Phenomenology: A Philosophy and Method of Inquiry. Journal of Education and Educational Development, 5(1), 215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22555/joeed.v5i1.2154
Rahimin Affandi, Awang Azman Awang Pawi, Ahmad Farid Abd Jalal, & Mohd Puaad Abdul Malik. (2019). Kitab Jawi Sebagai karya kearifan tempatan Melayu : Analisis sejarah intelektual. Al-Banjari : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 18(1), 49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18592/al-banjari.v18i1.2528
Raihanah Azahari. (2004). Kaedah menyelesaikan pertikaian keluarga dalam masyarakat Melayu: Zaman pra dan pasca kolonial. Jurnal Syariah, 12(1), 125–150. http://myais.fsktm.um.edu.my/7653/
Rasyidah Ibrahim, Rahimah Embong, Firdaus Khairi Abdul Kadir, & Huda Afiqah Hashim. (2019). Pemerkasaan tulisan Jawi dahulu dan kini. BITARA International Journal of Civilizational Studies and Human Sciences, 2(1), 29-37. http://www.bitarajournal.com
Sariah Abd Jalil. (2015). DSKP KSSR Pendidikan Islam Tahun tahun 1, 53(9). Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum, Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.
Sariah Abd Jalil. (2016). DSKP KSSM Pendidikan Islam Tingkatan 1. Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum, Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.
Siti Fatihah Osman, Wan Hassan Wan Embong, & Muhammad Talhah Ajmain @Jima’ain. (2020). Islamic education teacher’s critical thinking practice and its challenges in enhancing 21 st century learning skills. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(5), 974–980. https://doi.org/10.37200/IJPR/V24I5/PR201770
Siti Noor Hafizah Mohamed Sharif. (2022). Pendekatan Sejarah lokal dan kepentingannya dalam pensejarahan Malaysia. Akademika, 92(3), 199–209. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17576/akad-2022-9203-15
Sabri Ahmad, M., Baharudin, H., & Solehah Mohd Zubir, N. (2021). Pelaksanaan Kem Cemerlang Jawi (KCJ) di Sekolah Rendah Daerah Selangau, Sarawak (Implementation of Kem Cemerlang Jawi (KCJ) for Primary Schools in Selangau District, Sarawak). Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 3(2), 144–153. http://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/jdpd
Salina Ahmad. (2019). Al-Attas on language and thought: Its relation to worldview, change and translation. IKIM Journal of Islam and the Contemporary World, 12(2), 83–97.
Saimi Bujang, Abdul Razak Abdul Kadir, Noranizah Yusuf, Fatimah Hamrie, & Wan Ariffin Wan Yon. (2022). Sejarah dan perkembangan pentadbiran Islam pada era pemerintahan Brooke di Sarawak. Journal of Al-Tamaddun, 17(2), 53-70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22452/JAT.vol17no2.5
Shahrir Mohamad Zain. (2018). Pengenalan Sejarah & Falsafah Sains. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Siti Shafida Sharifuddin. (2019). Basic Jawi learning and writing using augmented reality application for primary school standard one students syllabus. Universiti Teknologi MARA.
Siti Faizah Said. (2019). Hubungan pendekatan kolaboratif terhadap pencapaian program Pendidikan Islam sekolah rendah di semenanjung Malaysia. In Universiti Putra Malaysia. Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Siti Hajar Taib, Mohd Azaharin Ismail, & Maimun Aqsha Lubis Abdin Lubis. (2019). Inovasi kesepaduan dan strategi pengajaran dan pembelajaran di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. ASEAN Comparative Education Research Journal on Islam and Civilization , 3(2), 38–54.
Siti Nurul Izza Hashim, Roziah Sidik @ Mat Sidek, & Izziah Suryani Mat Resad @ Arshad. (2021). Tulisan Jawi pelopor keilmuan di alam Melayu: Satu kajian awal. MANU Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu Dan Bahasa (PPIB), 32(2), 19–34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51200/manu.vi.3578
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (2nd ed.). Sage Publications, Inc.
Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas. (1972). Islam dalam sejarah dan kebudayaan Melayu. ABIM.
Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas. (1978). Islam and secularism. ABIM.
Taylor, S. J., & Bogdan, R. (1998). Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Tengku Sarina Aini Tengku Kasim & Fatimah Sahida Abdurajak. (2018). Pengalaman pengajaran guru novis pendidikan Islam: Implikasi terhadap reka bentuk kurikulum latihan pendidikan guru (Islamic education novice teachers’ teaching experiences: Implications towards teacher training curriculum design). Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 43(01), 59–66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17576/jpen-2018-43.01-08
Tesch, R. (1990). Qualitative research: Analysis types and software. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315067339
Trotter, R. T. Il. (2012). Qualitative research sample design and sample size: Resolving and unresolved issues and inferential imperatives. Preventive Medicine: An International Journal Devoted to Practice and Theory, 55(5), 398-400. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.07.003
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. (2024a). Panduan prasiswazah sesi akademik 2024/2025. In Herald of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine. Fakulti Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.37472/v.naes.2025.7115
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. (2024b). Panduan siswazah sesi akademik 2024/2025. Fakulti Pengajian Islam, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Wan Mohd Nor. (2018). Falsafah dan amalan Pendidikan Islam: Syed M. Naquib al-Attas satu huraian konsep asli Islamisasi. Penerbit Universiti Malaya.
Yeasmin, S., & Rahman, K. F. (2012). Triangulation research method as the tool of social science research. BUP Journal, 1, 154–163.
Yusoff, M. A. (1994). Perkataan Arab dalam bahasa Melayu : Satu analisis morfologi dan semantik. Universiti Malaya.
Zaharah Mohid, Roslinda Ramli, Fitri Nordin, & Hafiza Abas. (2018). Teknologi Realiti Luasan (AR) dalam pengajaran Jawi Abad 21. 4th International Conference on Information Technology & Society, 64(7), 978–967.
Zainul Anuwar Jamriy. (2016). Strategi pengajaran pemulihan Jawi j.Qaf di sekolah rendah Perak. Fakulti Sains Kemanusiaan.
Zulcaffle, T. M. A. (2007). Development of an automated technique for reconstructing Jawi characters in historical documents. Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Zulkiflee Haron. (2011). Tamadun Islam & Tamadun Asia (Z. Haron, R. Awang, M. N. Ripin, S. N. Mohamad, & F. Mohd Yusof (Eds.). Penerbit UTM.
Zuraidah Abdullah, Siti Nafsiah Ismail, Salwati Shafee, Mohd Shahril Nizam Shahrom, & Muhammad Faizal A. Ghani. (2019). Pengaruh pembelajaran akademik anak-anak keluarga fakir miskin di sekolah-sekolah Selangor. JuPiDi: Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 6(2), 44-70. https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/JUPIDI/article/view/17354/9969
Zurina Abdullah, & Adi Yasran Abdul Aziz. (2020). Peminggiran tulisan Jawi sebagai lambang Jati diri Melayu: Satu kajian tinjauan. Jurnal Sultan Alauddin Sulaiman Shah, 7(2), 244–255. DOI: https://doi.org/https://jsass.uis.edu.my/index.php/jsass/article/view/152
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Nik Sofwatul Izzah Ishak, Asyraf Isyraqi Jamil, Roslan Mohd Nor, Muhamad Nasir Mohamad Salleh
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
