Indeks Kemiskinan Multidimensi Global: Analisis Menurut Perspektif Maqasid Syariah (Global Multidimensional Povety Index: An Analysis According to Maqasid Syariah Perspectives)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/umran2022.9n1.544Keywords:
Poverty, Multidmensional Poverty, MPI, Maqasid Syariah, Islam.Abstract
Poverty is often associated with the issue of lack of income. However, when questions such as "do children get the education they deserve?", "does a family get the right health services?" and "does the community receive the clean water and electricity supply it needs?" cannot be answered well, then it is a sign that poverty still exists from a multidimensional view. This study applies library methods, textual and contextual analysis methods by taking into the five elements of Shariah Maqasid in the context of multidimensional poverty and extracted based on inductive, deductive, and comparative methods. The results of the study show that multidimensional poverty has a direct relationship to Maqasid Syariah. All dimensions of multidimensional poverty such as education, health, and living standards have their importance in preserving the five elements of Maqasid Syariah, namely religion, intellect, soul, lineage, and property. In the education aspect, achievement in this aspect must take into account both types of educational streams, namely fardu ain and fardu kifayah. In the health aspect, emphasis is given to the prevention of disease as well as a balanced diet by taking into the source of treatment and halal supply for both. While in the aspect of living standards, the accumulation of wealth serves as a pillar to build a more prosperous life, providing benefits to human beings, rewards, and favors given by Allah SWT to his servants and is a test in human life. This study is seen to contribute to improving the shortcomings that exist in the existing multidimensional poverty measurement through the application of poverty measurement elements based on the perspective of Maqasid Syariah as an added value in creating a comprehensive multidimensional poverty measurement as discussed by Islam.
References
Abu Sulayman, Abdul Wahhab.2009. al-Maqasid fi Manasik. London: Muassasah al-Furqan.
Al-‘Ashmawi, Muhammad Sa’id. (1996). Al-Syari’ah al-Islamiyyah wa al-qanun al-misri. Mesir: Maktabah Madbuli al-Saghir.
al-Bukhārī, Abī ‘Abd Allāh Muḥammad Ibn Ismā‘īl al-Ju‘fī. (2002). Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī. Bayrūt: Dār Ibn Kathīr.
‘Ali Jarishah. (1991). Al-Mashru’iyyah al-Islamiyyah al-‘Ulya. (Mesir: Dar al-Wafa’).
Al-Ghazali, Muhammad bin Muhammad. (1937). al-Mustasfa min ‘Ilm al-Usul. Baghdad: Maktabat al-Muthanna.
Al-Raisūnī, Ahmad. (1995). Nazariyyat al-maqāsid ‘inda al-imām al-Shātibi. Riyadh: Al-Dār al-Alamiah li al- Kitāb al-Islāmi.
Al-Razi, Abi Bakr Muhammad Shamsuddin. (2010). Mukhtar al-Sihah. Damsyiq: Dār al-Fayha.
Al-Syatibi, Abu Ishaq. (1997). Al-Muwafaqat fi Usul al-Syariah. Beirut: Dar al-Ma’rifah.
Al-Yūbī, Muhammad Said. (1998). Maqāsid al-sharī‘ah al-islāmiyyah wa ‘alāqatuha bi al-‘adillah al-shar‘iyyah. Riyadh: Dār al-Hijrah.
Al-Zuhaili, Wahbah. (1996). Usul al-fiqh al-Islami wa Adillatuh. Damsyiq: Dār al-Fikr.
Abdolrasul Shirvanian dan Mohammad Bakhshoodeh. (2012). Investigating Poverty in Rural Iran: The Multidimensional Poverty Approach. Agricultural Sciences, 3(5), 640-650.
Aemy Liza Minhat. (2014). Hubungan Makanan Dan Pemakanan Halalan Toyyiba Dengan Akhlak. Tesis Sarjana. Skudai: Fakulti Tamadun Islam, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Ahmad Munawar Ismail dan Noranizah Yusuf. (2012). Sumbangan Pendidikan Dalam Memperkasakan Tamadun Bangsa: Perspektif Islam. Jurnal Sosiohumanika, 5(1), 107-122.
Alkire, S. and Foster, J. (2007). Counting and Multidimensional Poverty Measurement’. OPHI Working Paper 7, Oxford University.
Alkire, S. and Santos, M. E. (2010). Acute Multidimensional Poverty: A New Index for Developing Countries. OPHI Working Paper 38. Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative. University of Oxford.
Alkire, S. dan Klasen, S. (2013). ‘The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) and Monetary Poverty: Dynamic Comparisons from 12 country studies’. Mimeo
Alkire, S. dan Samman, E. (2014) ‘Mobilising the Household Data Required to Progress toward the SDGs’. OPHI Working Paper 72, Oxford University.
Alkire, S. dan Santos, M.E. (2014). Measuring Acute Poverty in the Developing World: Robustness and Scope of the Multidimensional Poverty Index. World Development, 59, 251-274.
Alessio Fusco. (2003). On the Definition and Measurement of Poverty: The Contribution of Multidimensional Analysis. 3rd Conference on the Capability Approach: From Sustainable Development to Sustainable Freedom, University of Pavia, Lombardy. Lombardy.
Azman Ab Rahman dan Muhammad Ridhwan Ab Aziz. (2016). Pembasmian Kemiskinan Berdasarkan Maqasid Syariah. Nilai: Penerbit USIM.
Bourguignon, F. et. al. (2010). ‘Millennium Development Goals: An Assessment’, dalam R. Kanbur and M. Spencer (eds.), Equity and Growth in a Globalizing World. World Bank, ch. 2.
Bradshaw, J. dan Finch, N. (2003). ‘Overlaps in Dimensions of Poverty’. Journal of Social Policy, 32(4): 513–525.
Chamhuri Siwar. (2000). Kajian Keberkesanan Pendekatan-Pendekatan Pembasmian Kemiskinan di Malaysia. Kertas Kerja Muzakarah Penggubalan Model Pembasmian Kemiskinan Menurut Perspektif Islam. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 12-68.
Choirunnisak. (2017). Konsep Pengelolaan Kekayaan Dalam Islam. Jurnal Islamic Banking, 3(1), 27-44.
Diana K.L. Ngo. (2018). A Theory-Based Living Standards Index for Measuring Poverty in Developing Countries. Journal of Development Economic, 130(1), 190-202.
Drèze, J. and Sen, A. (2013). Uncertain Glory: India and its Contradictions. Allen Lane.
Fairuzabadi, Muhammad Ibn al-Yaqub. (2007). Al-Qamus al-Muhit. Beirut: Darul Kutub Ilmiyah.
Falak Sher et.al (2014). An Investigation of Multidimensional Energy Poverty in Pakistan: A Province Level Analysis. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 4(1), 65-75.
Ranco, S. et.al. (2002) Alternative Realities? Different Concepts of Poverty, Their Empirical Consequences and Policy Implications. Queen Elizabeth House.
Ibn Salam, Izz al-Din ‘Abd Aziz. (t.th). Qawaid al-Ahkam fi Masalih al-Anam. Beirut: Dar al-Ma’rifah.
Ibn Manzur. (1996). Lisan al-‘Arab (cet. berwarna). Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-‘Arabi.
Ibn Qayyim al-Jauziyyah. (t.t). I‘lām al-muwaqqi‘īn. Kaherah: Idaran al-Tibā‘ah al-Muniriyyah.
Jasser Auda. (2007). Maqāsid al-shari’ah As Philosophy Of Islamic Law: A Systems Approach. London: The International Institute of Islamic Thought.
Kaztman, R. (1989). ‘La Heterogeneidad de la Pobreza. El Caso de Montevideo’. Revista de la Cepal, 37: 141–152.
Klasen, S. (2000). ‘Measuring Poverty and Deprivation in South Africa’. Review of Income and Wealth, 46(1): 33–58.
Muhammad Suhaimi Musa et.al. (2011). “Prinsip Islam DI Dalam Ruang Kediaman Muslim”. Konferensi Antarabangsa Islam Borneo IV, Universitas Mulawarman, Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia.
Mahmod Othman et.al. (2010). “Fuzzy Index Poverty (FIP): Measuring Poverty in Rural Area of Terengganu. 2010 International Conference on User Science and Engineering (i-USEr), Fakulti Sains Koputer dan Matematik, UiTM Shah Alam. Shah Alam.
Mahmood Zuhdi Abdul Majid et.al. (2012). Maqasid al-Syari’ah. Selangor: IIUM Press.
Mohd Anuar Ramli et.al. (2016). “Pemakaian Maqasid AL-Shariah (Objektif Syariah) Sebagai Seismograf Dalam Penilaian Isu Semasa. Dalm Maqasid al-Shariah: Konsep dan Pendekatan. Ed. Noor Naemah Abdul Rahman, Abdul Karim Ali, Ridzwan Ahmad. Jabatan Fiqh Usul, Akademi Pengajian Islam Universiti Malaya.
Nor Ghani, M. (1984). Dimensi Kemiskinan dan Rancangan Pembasmian Kemiskinan. Siri Kumpulan Esei: Ekonomi Pembangunan. ed. Amir Hussin Baharuddin. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Norzita Jamil dan Siti Hadijah Che Mat. (2014). Realiti Kemiskinan: Satu Kajian Teoritikal. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 48 (1), 167-177.
Oxford Poverty & Human Development Initiatives. (2018). Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2018: The Most Detailed Picture to Date of the World’s Poorest People. London: Oxford Poverty & Human Development Initiatives.
Robert H. Haveman. (2001). Poverty: Measurement and Analysis. International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, ed. Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes. ScienceDirect, 2001.
Rudolf Von Jhering (2001). Law as a means to an end (DerZweckimRecht), terjemahan Isaac Husik. New Jersey: The Lawbook Exchange.
Sabina Alkire et.al. (2014). Multidimensional Poverty Measurement and Analysis: Chapter 1 – Introduction, OPHI Working Paper No. 82, Oxford Poverty & Human Development Initiative.
Sabina Alkire et.al. (2014). Multidimensional Poverty Measurement and Analysis: Chapter 7 – Data and Analysis, OPHI Working Paper No. 88, Oxford Poverty & Human Development Initiative.
Sabina Alkire et.al. (2016). The Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI): 5-Year Methodological Note. OPHI Briefing, 37.
Sabina Alkire dan Maria Emma Santos. (2010). Acute Multidimensional Poverty: A New Index for Developing Countries, OPHI Working Paper, 38.
Sabina Alkire dan James Foster. (2009). Counting and Multidimensional Poverty Measurement. OPHI Working Paper, 32.
Sabina Alkire dan Suman Seth. (2008). Measuring Multidimensional Poverty In India: A New Proposal, OPHI Working Paper, 15.
Sharafat Ali dan Najid Ahmad. (2013). Human Capital and Poverty in Pakistan: Evidence from the Punjab Province, European Journal of Science and Public Policy, 11, 36-41.
Siti Hadijah Che Mat et.al. (2012). Indeks Kemiskinan Pelbagai Dimensi Sebagai Alternatif Pengukuran Kemiskinan: Kajian Kes Di Daerah Baling, Kedah. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 46(1): 3-12.
Sulochana Nair dan S. Sagaran. (2015). Poverty in Malaysia: Need for a Paradigm Shift. Institutions and Economies, 7(3), 95-123.
United Nations Development Programme. (2018). Beyond Income: A Broader Picture of Poverty. Diakses pada 8 November 2018 daripada https://feature.undp.org/multidimensional-poverty/.
United Nations Development Programme. (2010). Human Development Report 2010, The Real Wealth of Nations: Pathways to Human Development. New York: UNDP.
Wening Purtabin Palupi. (2013). Harta Dalam Islam. At-Tahdzib, 1(2), 154-171.
World Bank. (2013). Global Monitoring Report 2013 Diakses pada 9 Disember 2018 daripada http://data.worldbank.org/mdgs/progress-status-across-groups-number-of-countries.
Yazid Ahmad dan Ibnor Azli Ibrahim. (t.t). Konsep Harta Menurut Perspektif Undang-Undang Islam Dan Undang-Undang Sivil: Satu Tinjauan. Jurnal Pengajian Umum, 7, 123-138.
Zahari Mahad Musa. (2016). Konsep Keselamatan Rumah Kediaman Menurut Kaedah Fiqh. Journal of Contenporary Islamic Studies, 2(2), 125-140.
Zahari Mahad Musa. (2015). Privasi Rumah Kediaman Dalam Islam Sebagai Panduan Kepada Pembangunan Perumahan. Jurnal Pembangunan Sosial, 18, 43-65.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Penerbit UTM Press
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright of articles that appear in UMRAN - International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions or any other reproductions of similar a nature.
