Menjaga Keamanan Negara Menurut Perspektif Maqāsid Syariah Serta Hubungannya Dengan Matlamat Pembangunan Lestari [Sustainable Development Goals]: Kajian Di Malaysia (National Peace Preservation According to the Maqāsid Syariah Perspective and its Relations to the Sustainable Development Goals [Sustainable Development Studies]: A Study In Malaysia)

Authors

  • Faezy Adenan Jabatan Syariah dan Ekonomi, Akademi Pengajian Islam, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Asmak Ab Rahman Jabatan Syariah dan Ekonomi, Akademi Pengajian Islam, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/umran2020.7n1.375

Keywords:

Peace, nation, maqāsid syariah, maslaḥah, sustainable development goals (SDC)

Abstract

Peace is an invaluable asset to ensure the prosperity and harmony of a nation. With the existence of peace, the people in a nation can carry out their respective responsibilities and roles perfectly, which consequently further enhance the nation prosperity. There are numbers of Western orientalists suggested that Islam is a religion that advocates violence. While in actuality, Islam uphold the preservation of peace and security at the utmost importance. This calls for a comprehensive argument to properly present the adherence of Islam towards maintaining harmony and prosperity. Therefore, the objective of this study is to highlight the existence of peace preservation in the Islamic concept of Maqāsid Syariah and draw the similarity on the definition of peace in Maqāsid Syariah with UN Guidelines for Sustainable Development Goals (Sustainable Development Goals). The research adopted library research methodology to accentuate the concept of peace preservation in the five elements of Maqāsid Syariah by using textual and contextual analysis on available literature pertaining the subject matter. The results show that the peace preservation of the nation is an integral piece in the concept of Maqāsid Syariah. National peace preservation is the key to maintain the five elements of Maqāsid Syariah which are religion, intellect, self, heritage and wealth. In addition, Maqāsid Syariah delineates peace keeping at the highest priority in maslaah requirement.  Furthermore, Maqāsid Syariah demonstrates a compelling correlation in its definition of peace with the characteristic sustainable development goals (SDCs) outlined by the United Nations (UN). The importance of this study is to give a general guidance on preservation and maintenance of national peace according to the shariah objectives, which have a strong relationship among them.

References

Abdul Aziz Bari. (2009). Maqāsid al-Syariah dan penafsiran perlembagaan Malaysia, dalam Hamidi Abdul Ghani dan Nurul Akma Mohamed (ed), Maqāsid Syariah Dalam Pentadbiran Negara (Kota Bharu: Kolej Universiti Antarabangsa Sultan Ismail Petra (KIAS), 79-85.

‘Ali Jarishah. (1991). Al-Mashru’iyyah al-Islamiyyah al-‘Ulya. (Mesir: Dar al-Wafa’).

Abdul Rahman Ibrahim. (2011). 13 Mei 1969 di Kuala Lumpur. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.

Al-‘Ashmawi, Muhammad Sa’id. (1996). Al-Syari’ah al-Islamiyyah wa al-qanun al-misri. Mesir: Maktabah Madbuli al-Saghir.

Al-Durainī, Fatḥi. (1987). Khasāis al-tashrī‘ al-islāmi fi al-siyāsah wa al-ḥukm. Beirut: Al-Ma‘hād al-‘Alami li al-Fikr al-Islāmi.

Al-Fāsi, ‘Ilāl. (1993). Maqāsid al-sharī‘ah al-islāmiyyah wa makārimuha. Tunisia: Dār al-Gharb al-Islāmi.

Al-Ghazāli, Abu Hamid Muhammad Ibn Muhammad. (1937). Al-Mustaṣfa min ‘ilm al-uṣūl. Kaherah: Al-Maktabah al-Tijāriyyah.

Al-Jalālayn, Jalal al-Din al-Maḥallī. (2001). Tafsīr al-jalālayn. Kaherah: Dār al-Hadith.

Al-Jurjāni, Ali Ibn Muhammad. (1984). Al-Ta’rīfāt. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-‘Arabi.

Al-Munawi, Abd al-Rauf. (1972). Faiḍ al-qadīr sharah al-jamī’ al-ṣaghīr. Beirut: Dār al-Ma'rifah.

Al-Qaraḍawi, Yūsuf. (2009). Fiqh al-jihād. Kaherah: Maktabah Wahbah.

Al-Qurṭubī, Abi ʻAbd Allah Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Ibn Abi Bakr tahqiq Abd Allah Al-Tarākī. (2006). Al-Jāmiʻ al-aḥkām al-qur’ān. Beirūt: Muassasah al-Risālah.

Al-Raisūnī, Ahmad. (1995). Nazariyyat al-maqāsid ‘inda al-imām al-Shātibi. Riyadh: Al-Dār al-Alamiah li al-Kitāb al-Islāmi.

Al-Razi, Abi Bakr Muhammad Shamsuddin. (2010). Mukhtar al-Sihah. Damsyiq: Dār al-Fayha

Al-Sayid Sābiq. (1999). Fiqh al-sunnah. Kaherah: Al-Fatḥu li al-I‘lāmi al-‘Arabi.

Al-Syātibi, Abu Ishāq. (1997). Al-Muwāfaqāt fi usūl al-sharī‘ah. Beirut: Dār al-Ma‘rifah.

Al-Yūbī, Muhammad Said. (1998). Maqāsid al-sharī‘ah al-islāmiyyah wa ‘alāqatuha bi al-‘adillah al-shar‘iyyah. Riyadh: Dār al-Hijrah.

Al-Zuhailī, Wahbah. (1996). Usūl al-fiqh al-islāmi. Damsyiq: Dār al-Fikr.

Baker, D. (2007). The Economic Impact Of The Iraq War And Higher Military Spending. Washington: Centre for Economic and Policy Research.

Basedau, M. dan Lay, J. (2009). Resource curse or rentier peace? The ambiguous effects of oil wealth and oil dependence on violent conflict. Journal of Peace Research, 46(6), 757-776.

Bialer, U. (1999). Oil and the Arab-Israeli conflict, 1948-1963. United Kingdom: Macmillan.

Bunuh diri bimbang dirogol tentera Syria. Harian Metro. (2016). Boleh dilayari: <http://www1.hmetro.com.my/node/189205>. Dicapai pada 12 Mac 2018

Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (2002). Kamus dewan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.

Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. (2000). Kamus dewan (Edisi ketiga). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa Dan Pustaka.

Drake, D., & Kelly, D. (2009). Intellectuals and war. Journal of War and Culture Studies, 2(1), 5-16.

Feri Fadli Rizki. (2013). Serangan Amerika Syarikat terhadap Iraq (Untuk kepentingan mengusai minyak). Jurnal Administrasi Negara, 2 (1), 54-66.

Fransen, S., Vargas-Silva, C., & Siegel, M. (2018). The impact of refugee experiences on education: Evidence from burundi. IZA Journal of Development and Migration, 8(1),6

Hailani Muji Tahir. (2009). Māqasid Syariah dalam pengurusan ekonomi, kewangan dan pembangunan negara, dalam Hamidi Abdul Ghani dan Nurul Akma Mohamed (ed), Māqasid Syariah Dalam Pentadbiran Negara. Kota Bharu: Kolej Universiti Antarabangsa Sultan Islamil Petra (KIAS), 28-60.

Hasan Haji Ahmad. (1999). Māqasid Syari’yyah: Konsep dan pengaruhnya dalam pembentukan hukum, dalam Abdul Karim Ali dan Raihanah Azahari (ed), Hukum Islam Semasa Bagi Masyarakat Malaysia Yang Membangun. Kuala Lumpur: Akademi Pengajian Islam Universiti Malaya.

Highest death toll from wars, Guinness World Records.com. Boleh Layari <https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/highest-death-toll-from-wars/> Dicapai pada 12 November 2019

Hoenig, T. (2018). The Effect of Conflict on Education: Evidence from Sierra Leone. MPRA Paper. 1-23.

Hugh Mosley, The Arms Race: Economic and Social Consequences (Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, 1985).

Ibn Manzūr, Muhammad. (t.t). Lisān al-‘arab. Beirut: Dār Sadir.

Ibn Qayyim al-Jauziyyah. (t.t). I‘lām al-muwaqqi‘īn. Kaherah: Idaran al-Tibā‘ah al-Muniriyyah.

Institute for Economics and Peace. (2015). Economic consequences of war on the U.S economy. Institute for Economics and Peace. Boleh dilayari: http://economicsandpeace.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/The-Economic-Consequences-of-War-on-US-Economy_0.pdf> Dicapai pada 2 April 2018

Ismail Sualman. (2019). Isu sensitif ancam keselamatan. Sinar Harian. (2019). Boleh layari <https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/44693/KOLUMNIS/Isu-sensitif-ancam-keselamatan>. Dicapai pada 11 November 2019

Jasser Auda. (2007). Maqāsid al-shari’ah As Philosophy Of Islamic Law: A Systems Approach. London: The International Institute of Islamic Thought.

Kenneth E. Boulding, The Economics of Peace (New York: Prentice-Hall, 1945).

Leitenberg, M. (2006). Deaths In Wars And Conflicts In The 20th Century. Cornell: Cornell University.

Lyons, J. (2009). The House Of Wisdom: How The Arabs Transformed Western Civilization. London: Bloomsbury.

Madrick, J. (2013). Is war good for the economy? Huffington Post. Boleh dilayari: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jeff-madrick/is-war-good-for-theecono_b_84886. htm. Dicapai pada 12 Mac 2018

Maurice, F. D. (1847). The Religions Of The World And Their Relation To Christianity. London: J. W. Parker.

Mustafa Shalabi, Muhammad. (1981). Ta’līl al-aḥkām. Beirut: Dār al-Nahdah al-Arābiyyah.

Myanmar wants ethnic cleansing of Rohingya- UN official. (2016). BBC News. Boleh dilayari: <http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-38091816>. Dicapai pada 12 Mac 2018

Natasha, B. C., Denov, M., Fraser, S. & Bilotta, N. (2017). The nexus of war, resettlement, and education: War-affected youth’s perspectives and responses to the quebec education system. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 60, 160-168.

Paley, W. (1831). The works. Edinburgh: Peter Brown.

Pencerobohan Lahad Datu catat sejarah hitam negara. (2013). Sinar Harian. Boleh dilayari: <http://www.sinarharian.com.my/rencana/pencerobohan-lahad-datu-catat-sejarah-hitam-negara 1.231174>. Dicapai pada 20 Februari 2018

Prideaux, H. (1697). The True Nature Of Imposture Fully Displayed In The Life Of Mahomet. London: W. Nicholson.

Rafael, T. S., Brandon, P. & Hart, M. (2018). War and economy. Rediscovering the eighteenth-century military entrepreneur. Business History, 60(1), 4-22.

Rohingya face Myanmar 'ethnic cleansing': UN official. (2016). Al-Jazeera. Boleh dilayari: <https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/11/rohingya-face-myanmar-ethnic-cleansing-official-161125065731036.html>. Dicapai pada 12 Mac 2018

Rudolf Von Jhering (2001). Law as a means to an end (DerZweckimRecht), terjemahan Isaac Husik. New Jersey: The Lawbook Exchange.

Sayid Qutub (1993). Al-Salām al-‘ālamī wa al-Islām. Kaherah: Dār al-Shurūq.

Stiglitz, J. (2008). The $3 trillion war. New Perspectives Quarterly, 25(2), 61–64.

Stubbe, H. (1911). An Account Of The Rise And Progress Of Mahometanism, With The Life Of Mahomet. London: Luzac & Co.

Tyler, J. P. (2014). Education, the politics of resilience, and the war on youth: A conversation with Brad Evans. Review of Education, Pedagogy, and Cultural Studies, 36(3), 193-213.

United Nation. (2015). Sustainable development goals. Dicapai daripada laman sesawang United Nation: <https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/?menu=1300> Dicapai pada 23 Mei 2019

United Nation. (2018). The Sustainable Development Goals Report. New York: United Nation.

UNODC. (2018). Global Report on Trafficking in Persons 2018. Vienna: United Nations Publication.

Vally Koubi (2005), “War and Economic Performance,” Journal of Peace Research 42(1), 67–82.

Wanita Syria jadi mangsa rogol. (2013). Utusan Online. Boleh dilayari: <http://ww1.utusan.com.my/utusan/Luar_Negara/20131127/lu_05/Wanita-Syria-jadi mangsarogol>. Dicapai pada 15 Mei 2018

World Bank. (2017). The Toll of War: The Economic and Social Consequences of the Conflict in Syria. World Bank. Boleh layari: <https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/syria/publication/the-toll-of-war-the-economic-and-social-consequences-of-the-conflict-in-syria>. Dicapai pada 2 April 2018

maut sebulan di Syria sepanjang 2018. Berita Harian Online. (2019). Boleh layari: <https://www.bharian.com.my/dunia/asia/2019/01/515279/580-maut-sebulan-di-syria-sepanjang-2018>. Dicapai pada 11 November 2019

Downloads

Published

2020-02-27

How to Cite

Adenan, F., & Ab Rahman, A. (2020). Menjaga Keamanan Negara Menurut Perspektif Maqāsid Syariah Serta Hubungannya Dengan Matlamat Pembangunan Lestari [Sustainable Development Goals]: Kajian Di Malaysia (National Peace Preservation According to the Maqāsid Syariah Perspective and its Relations to the Sustainable Development Goals [Sustainable Development Studies]: A Study In Malaysia). UMRAN - International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies, 7(1), 33–47. https://doi.org/10.11113/umran2020.7n1.375

Issue

Section

Articles